Stacked ranking: Jack Welch of GE has a terrible idea

or “How to redefine everyone’s job into a game of Survivor”.

First, let’s get the question out of the way: “What is stacked ranking?” Stacked ranking is a labor policy. With it, once per year, every year, the bottom xx% of employees are terminated, and will be replaced with fresh blood. I think it started with 10% of GE getting replaced yearly, but later the percentage was dropped to the bottom 5% – 8%, depending on the company.

I hear that Facebook is now doing Stacked Ranking. This tells me “short Facebook stock“. And if you don’t believe me, look at GE’s stock performance.

Another aspect, although I don’t think it’s directly required, is that the management that implements stacked ranking doesn’t want to be responsible for the decision of who gets terminated. So they push the decision as far down the management chain as they can: peer review. So, you get to rank your co-workers, and your co-workers get to rank you. This lets your direct supervisor weasel out of the responsibility of ranking you at the bottom.

I understand the reasons behind Jack Welch’s idea: get rid of the expensive (experienced) employees, and replace them with cheap newbies. Wall Street loved the idea, too.

I doubt they are going to still love the idea when those old, experienced, expensive Wall Street analysts start getting replaced by cheap newbies.

I’m not terribly against the idea of getting rid of the bottom 10% of an organization, either – IF the policy is executed once per decade. I work in a government organization where there are a few people who are simply wastes of time and taxpayer money. But because it is so hard to get rid of terrible government employees, they remain. So if lopping off the bottom 10% was something we could do once a decade, I would be in favor of that.

My personal story is that if “lopping off” showed up three years ago, I might have been one of the ones lopped. I would have deserved it, and I might have been angry with it. If the rest of my life then went as it has, I would have gotten to the point where I accepted it as right and honest. People do change; I’ve seen it, and I have changed myself. But I’m not willfully ignoring the fact that “lopping off the bottom 10%” might strike at a unfortunate time, for some people.

As I understand it, Jack Welch’s idea was that he had all these older engineers who commanded high wages; how could he cut costs? With decades of experience, they expected a reward for learning their jobs so well. They also had outside interests like a wife, and children, and the activities their children were in – like sports or music or whatever.

By hiring new kids, fresh out of college, Jack could pay them less because they had no experience. Because they were fresh out of college, they didn’t yet have a wife and kids; which meant they could throw themselves into their work, and do 10 – 16 hour days, and reap no home life repercussions for it. They could absorb the knowledge the old guys have, and they and Jack win. As I understand it, part of the pitch to the new kids was “if you work your tail off, you could get that vaunted Engineer Level II position with the high wages and the decades long career”.

The stupidity of the idea, doing this once a year, every year, is that everyone sees the plan, and must adapt to the plan. Everyone needs to stop doing their real job, and start their new job of setting up the patsy.

Someone is getting voted off the island. We need to make sure it’s the new kid.

The old staffers have too much at risk. For starters, at 50 years old, getting fired from a good job with a high salary is often the end of a person’s career (irrespective of employer). 92% never get as good a job, ever, for the rest of their lives. Yes, there are those 8% that do – but 92% against is too great a risk to take.

The old staffers also have financial obligations: mortgage, college tuition for their kids, saving up for retirement, perhaps needing to care for parents who are beginning to need elder care. A lot of a person’s identity might be tied up in being a professional in their decades-long career. Having to switch over to “Would you like fries with that?” is far too humbling.

The new kid has none of that. Also, the new kid has plenty of time to recover, going to work for a different company that doesn’t suck.

So, backstabbing the new kid is the new SCP (Salary Continuation Plan). It is a terrible waste of time and effort. Making the customer happy should be Job 1. But now it is Job 2, with Job 1 being “someone else must get voted off the island”.

I was at a trade show, where a vendor we used (a lot), put on a “meet the engineers” night. I was talking with a group of them, telling them of an improvement in the product I would like to see. One of the new kids had walked up, and chimed in with “That’s a great idea, we should do that!” The three old guys standing around just rolled their eyes. One of them told the new kid “Yeah, you should work on that.” This was still a little bit of a shock, that the old guys would set the new kid up for failure like that. He was going to get no support, would be wasting his time on a wild goose chase, and at the end of the year be in the bottom 8%. Later, I was told that the company was using stacked ranking; this event suddenly made sense.

Not only was it bad news for the kid; I wasn’t going to get my feature request, either.

All in all, I think Jack Welch tremendously hurt GE, and, because he touted his change as successful (and Wall Street celebrated his success), other companies followed suit. It’s a terrible idea, and deserves to be recognized as such.

Hopefully, a change in my schedule

I’ve asked for permission to come in to work early, with an extended lunch break. For a while now, I’ve been pondering how to get more exercise into my schedule. But this also likely means not updating this blog as often.

I currently go in late, and stay a little late, so as to be able to do server maintenance tasks after business hours. From there, I have places I go every evening, that I don’t want to give up. There was also the worry that doing a nice amount of exercise late in the evening would make it harder to get to sleep. Exercise (I expect) will energize me, as I bring up my level of activity. Currently, I’m quite sedentary, and have gained a lot of weight over the last year or so.

There for a while, I was going to the gym before work. I had a personal trainer, which didn’t work that well. The guy was great; but, there was a mismatch between what I wanted and what he provided. I wanted to lose weight. That means cardiovascular exercise, right? Treadmill, swimming, elliptical, rowing machine, etc. I am sure there is nothing more boring for a trainer than to stand there and watch someone walking on a treadmill. It also doesn’t justify the price being paid for training. For some strange reason, my trainer was putting me through strength training (mostly), and although my heart rate would be somewhat elevated, I really wasn’t losing any weight.

My finances got thin, so I dropped my trainer (and gym membership). Ultimately, this (and paying off another bill) did reverse my course from being in the red monthly, to being in the black, monthly.

I could start going to the gym every morning, again. I checked out another gym (far closer to my home), but their payment scheme shenanigans were completely stupid, so I didn’t sign up. Turns out, it’s been four months, and that gym just closed it’s doors. Glad I didn’t sign up and pre-pay for the entire year

If I don’t get the lunch break for going to the gym, then I will do the morning work out. But what I really want, is to go in to work early, take a lunch break at 11:00 AM, and then work out for an hour, clean up, get a light lunch, and get back to work by my normal 2:00 PM.

As soon as I switched to the late shift, I started missing out on the morning status meeting. It’s still a problem today, if I do something late at night, and no-one gets to know the situation until 9:00 AM when I get in.

I listed to a podcast, where Scott Adams of Dilbert fame was interviewed. Mr. Adams made an interesting observation of his own physiology: he is most creative in the morning, and uses some time after that for exercise. This would actually fit me pretty well. A lot of what I do is programming, so first thing in the morning, I’m burning brain sugar like mad. But then I run out, and hit a lull in my productivity. That would be a perfect time to go to the gym: no thinking required for walking a treadmill. I could also listen to podcasts, which I like doing. The exercise would likely energize me, so my afternoon would probably be productive, too.

But here, doing my lunch time blog, would definitely take a hit.

Starting my day happy

My happiness level now, compared to three years ago, is like the difference between day and night. Here are the things I do, to start my day happy.

First, my alarm clock plays a song. I have four different songs that I wake up to; all are songs that I like waking up to and singing along with in my head.

  • I Have This Hope by Tenth Avenue North
  • Control (Somehow You Want Me) by Tenth Avenue North
  • I Can Only Imagine by MercyMe
  • Love Like This by Lauren Daigle

So my alarm goes off, I wake up, and am instantly happy that I get to sing along with a song that inspires me to hope.

Most days, I have some lights in my bedroom that come on extra low, and grow in brightness over the next fifteen minutes. But I do also have a button on my phone that turns them off. The timing is such that (whichever) song is over before the lights come on, so really this is a gentle backup wake up mechanism.

The song ends, I hit the snooze button (nine minutes), climb out of bed, and head to the bathroom and shower. First, I check that I’m going to have a towel for after the shower, and then turn on the water to warm up the shower. It’s a challenge to turn up the water flow enough to warm the pipes, but not so much as to waste any more water than possible. Pee. Go back to bed.

At this point, I’m going to have a few minutes left before the song plays again.

I start pondering what I’m going to be thankful for. Essentially, it’s an inventory of what happened yesterday that made me happy. The alarm clock song will start playing again. I sing along in my head again, and try to focus on the singing, without distracting myself away from the song. The song ends, and I hit the snooze button again.

Start praying. The first prayers I say are “I love you, God. I need you, God. I trust you, God.” Then I do a couple more prayers, along the lines of relieve me of the bondage of self and may I do thy will always.

Then, I say “Thank you Lord, for xxx” where I come up with three new things I’m grateful for, that I have never been grateful for, before. A friend of mine pointed out that this will result in more than a thousand things a year, that I consciously chose to be grateful.

Another aspect of it, is that it changes one’s time horizon. It’s easy to be grateful for a roof over my head, a good job, and such. But that doesn’t change day to day. What am I grateful for now, that I’ve never been grateful for before? It’s not something from last year – it’s something from last night.

Lastly, I pray for friends and family who are going through things, where God’s influence on them could help them.

Some time during that, my alarm clock will go off again. I might sing along again, or I might turn it off and go take my shower. Hopefully, the hot water in the shower is coming out of the shower head warm by now.

The tension between help and usefulness (Apple Watch)

I have an Apple Watch, and it offers to help me to do things for better health. Wow is this thing being annoying – but I really like the idea of it’s help.

This last two weeks, I’ve been programming at work. I’m not a great programmer, and sometimes have to ponder stuff to figure out what I’m going to do next.

Just about the time (every time) I’m getting “in the zone” (so-to-speak), my Apple Watch pings at me, that it’s time to stand up and walk around. And drop out of “the zone”.

It’s a little weird, often when is pings at me, my physiological condition is that I’m a little light-headed. I don’t know if the Apple Watch actually has a monitor that can tell that. My suspicion is that there is just a timer going, and someone dreamt up the idea that the watch should insert itself into my consciousness once in a while, so I think of the box and recognize it’s value.

Problem is, it inserts itself into my consciousness as inopportune times (almost always), and I immediately react with “Fucking Apple Watch!”

Yet, I go talk a short walk, because I think the underlying idea is a good one.

I think it’s being helpful; but by interrupting my thinking time, it becomes anti-useful.

Google's business, and how it makes me not want their products

So, I bought a new television, and it has a YouTube app built in. But being an app, it doesn’t have the same sort of metadata / overhead that my web browser on my PC has. All the overhead your web browser has, does of course make your browsing session completely identifiable. Even me, with my privacy protection browser plugins, and cookie cleaners, and ad-blocking plugins knows to assume that I’m completely identifiable.

Back in the day, Scott McNealy of Sun Microsystems said “You have zero privacy anyway. Get over it.” People weren’t happy with this attitude, but, it’s an honest assessment of the state of the Internet.

95% (or more) of Google’s revenue is from their customers who pay for a chance to sell you something you don’t need. The chance of the sale increases if the pitch is targeted to you. The amount of sales for Google increases if they have more customers. So the more Google mines your personal data, the more possibilities they have that a nugget will match that potential customer.

It’s really just the old saying, “if you aren’t paying for the service, you are the product, and someone else is the customer”.

Now I have this device that connects to YouTube, and Google has never seen this device before. It has no history, it’s cookie is freshly baked but as bland as possible. Google has zero information about this new ad target. For one brief shining moment, the amount of leverage Google had on this target was super low. All they could really tell was which ISP it came from, and the whatever machine model information was sent in the HTTP User Agent field.

Apparently, YouTube / Google thinks Saturday Night Live is something a generic someone would want to watch. Personally, I don’t think SNL has been funny for a decade or two; but I was spoiled by the 1970’s SNL.

Of course, there were sports. And the Daily Awww (which is probably a good choice). And even some movie trailers (I think).

However, I was watching a YouTube video on my PC, and at the end of the day, I wanted to finish it on the TV. So I searched for the author’s name, to find all the videos about. Yes, I finished the video.

OH. MY. FREAKING. GOD.

Now, Google YouTube cannot find anything not related to this author. It is as if my entire world must be completely obsessed with this author; because, hey, a lot of people are talking about (*), and that’s all they know.

I seriously don’t want to use YouTube on the TV any more, because this tracking / focus on leveraging what they do know is extreme. It is ridiculous.

Anyway, if your business behavior makes people uncomfortable, you might want to examine if you are doing business right.

Favorite podcasts

Podcasting is the “new thing” these last two years (although it’s been around for a decade, recently it became popular).

There are more. 😉

But, these are the one’s I’m going to listen too first, if I have enough time in the week to do so.

Stock market ideas: Surveillance technology

An idea I like, is the personal body cams that law enforcement is adopting. I have some personal friends in law enforcement who have expressed dislike of them, as liability engines. But a link to a video that one of them provided showed me, non- law enforcement, that officers put up with an amazing amount of abuse, and still can be polite, restrained, professional, and tolerant. So I think it’s a win-win: the officer can prove honest behavior, and, the member of the public knows that their bad behavior is on the record.

So one of the companies I like is the former Taser, now known as AXON Enterprise – stock ticker AAXN.

I don’t yet own this stock. It’s currently at $43, although two weeks ago it was down to $40.

But I do think they are in a growth market. Many (if not 99%) of law enforcement agencies already have a relationship with AXON / Taser, with the pistols that apply non-lethal force. Although bigger law enforcement agencies have already bought body cams, I don’t think that penetration within the smaller markets is anywhere near complete. I think that 65% of of law enforcement is still in the adoption phase.

I previously had done well with Ambarella – stock ticker AMBA – getting in around $30 and selling at $70. Ambarella was more of a technology play, being a company that makes CCD sensors for GoPro cameras, and other cameras. My point is that there can be growth stocks in these areas. I don’t think AXON is going to sell as many body cams as GoPro sold their cameras; but, they will probably a decent percentage of them, still.

Semiconductor technology

I have four stocks in this category; three I’m pretty happy with, one is a “meh”.

Intel is my current favorite, ticker symbol INTC. One of the pieces of advice I had gotten was “find the clear leader in an industry, buy that, and hold on”. Intel seems to me, to clearly be the leader in semiconductor fabrication technology. I bought it at $24 per share, and it is currently at $47.

I do like that Intel pays a dividend.

Another thing that I liked about Intel is that they had a partnership with Micron, on a type of memory they named “Optane”. I know that everything in computer technology is about the pipeline of storage into the registers of the CPU. If we could make the CPU have enough storage, and, we wouldn’t need external storage, and everything would be going at the full speed of the CPU.

But that isn’t physically possible, if only because once in a while, the power goes out. CPUs use Dynamic RAM (it is the registers the CPU manipulates, and on-board memory called L1 cache). Dynamic RAM is dynamically refreshed with electrical power. When the power drains out, so does the data. Some sort of storage is needed, that doesn’t lose it’s data when the power is off. Since the 1950’s, the “storage” has been external to the CPU, and is orders of magnitude slower than the CPU itself.

I think the Optane idea could (potentially) flip computing on it’s head: the memory becomes so fast, that the pipeline of storage into the registers (and back), can be made direct. Or put another way, the CPU could run at the speed of memory – which is the storage. What if the external storage was the same speed (not orders of magnitude slower) as the CPU? What if the RAM was the disk? What if every register retrieve and store were permanent?*

Now really, even Optane memory does not run at the 2.x or 3.5 GHz of a CPU. Most Dynamic RAM access is in the 1.2 GHz range. So most modern computers spend a lot of hardware design on fetching data from the comparatively slow RAM, keeping as much of it on the CPU chip as possible, and then dealing with cache misses, and branch prediction misses, and all sorts of work to keep things in sync when the whole scheme isn’t perfect.

But what if 1.2 GHz was fast enough? Could it be fast enough, if there was no difference between RAM and storage? If the RAM addresses were the storage addresses?

Optane memory is essentially the next wave of solid state disk; and has capacities of same. How does the game change, when your 2 Terabyte Optane storage means that really, you have 2 TB of RAM? In six years, it will be 16 TB of RAM; eight years = 32 TB, ten years = 64 (if not 128) TB of RAM.

I expect that ten years from now, the Optane memory will have CPU electronics on the Optane chips, and the computing will be done on the memory chips. It’s a lot of work to ship bits off chip to a CPU, have the CPU alter them, and then ship those bits back, across the backplane, to end up back on the storage chips. It’s time consuming, too.

This is what I mean by turning computing on it’s head.

Anyway, it’s probably obvious that I’m a fan, so I like both Intel and Micron Technology – ticker symbol MU. I bought MU at about the same price as it is today. However, six months ago, it was double what it is today. I should have sold 1/2 my position then, and made a note somewhere that what was left is now free money.

*Not “forever” permanent, but from the point of view that “if the power goes out, we don’t care, because the data has already been written to storage”.

Cancer immunotherapy / Biotechnology

I currently have two stocks in these categories; one is doing well, and the other, very poorly.

The poor one is Advaxis ticker symbol ADXS. I bought ADXS at $4.82, and today it is at $0.22. That’s right: I’ve lost 95%.

Sigh.

So, having lost so much, is there really much of a reason to liquidate at such a loss? The original idea was that Advaxis had, through research, found some evidence they could use the immune system to fight certain cancers. I don’t think the company is just going to give up. Immunotherapy is working for other cancers. But the problem is that the company could run out of cash before they have a product they can market. But if they keep plugging away, they might finally be able to publish that breakthrough. And then, they should be able to get a good price for their technology.

My other stock is CRISPR Therapeutics AG – ticker symbol CRSP. I bought CRISPR Therapeutics at $20 per share, and today it is at $31.

At one point, six months ago, it was at $70 per share. I should have sold 30% of my shares, and been on a free ride since then. 😉

But really, I still think the technology is good. So I’m not going to lament not-having-cashed-in. Long term, I think I’ll be happy that I still have all my shares.

One of the things though, with this blog, is that if I do get to point of cashing out the purchase price of a stock, I can record that here. In the past, I had cashed out the purchase price of a stock, but then later sold everything when it continued to drop (in the short term). I couldn’t tell, from the view of my holdings that my stock broker gives me, that I was already riding on free money. So I sold. And then the price jumped way up, more than 8x what I bought in for.

Stock market investing ideas

I figure that since this is a place I can record longer term ideas, and, that ideas I have regarding stock market investing don’t really have a good home, I can put them here.

Now really, I’m a fan of putting my notes about data near the data. So what I would really like, is inside my stock market portfolio management web page, that the vendor provide me with a small text field that I can update with a short note. But I don’t have that, so elsewhere, the information will have to reside.

On to the ideas:

  • 5G cellular towers
  • Neodymium miners (or processors)
  • Cancer immunotherapy / Biotechnology
  • Semiconductor technology
  • Surveillance technology

5G cellular

I think this technology has a huge growth potential. One of the trade-offs though, is that higher frequencies are required for higher bandwidth. Higher frequencies emit more power; but, electromagnetic power drops off with the cube of the distance (I think – it could be that the power drops off with the square of the distance). The upshot is that if the two antennas (sender and receiver) are going to be heard at the higher frequencies, they will need to be located closer together in physical space. So today, “good coverage” has one tower around three miles from the next tower (4G cellular).

With 5G cellular, the distance between towers will be 250 meters / 820 feet / .15 miles. The growth in towers (“base stations”) is going to go exponential (at least during the startup phase).

Perhaps it would be smarter to buy stock in the companies that make the transceivers (chips or whole power+chips+antenna). Problem is, I don’t know who these companies are.

But I like the idea of rent; that American Tower can make the initial investments, and the recoup their cost over the next nnn years. When I first heard of AMT, it was around $140 per share; today it’s at $168.